葡萄牙语礼貌用语 – Desculpa vs. Com licença vs. Por Favor
Many Portuguese language learners struggle to discern between expressions such as Desculpa, Com licença, 或者 Por favor. These are so-called “politeness” expressions and, as their name implies, help you sound more polite. It is therefore important that you understand and use them well. Read on.
Desculpa
Desculpa in Portuguese can mean “sorry” or “excuse me” depending on the context. Sure enough, when we mean one or the other, our tone of voice changes accordingly.
让我们看一下每种情况的几个例子。
对不起
Desculpa! Não foi por querer.
对不起。这不是故意的。
打扰一下
Desculpa, sabes que horas são?
Excuse me, do you have the time?
Desculpa vs. Desculpe
Sometimes you hear Desculpa, 有时 Desculpe. The difference is that the former is informal (tu) while the latter is formal (você).
Perdão = Desculpe
Perdão means the same as Desculpe and can also be used as “sorry” or “excuse me”. If anything, Perdão sounds more old-fashioned and perhaps a little more ceremonial. (This might be subjective though.)
Com licença
Com licença 意思是“对不起”,就像 Desculpe (正式的)。让我们看几个例子:
Com licença, posso passar?
对不起,我能接通吗?
Com licença, posso entrar?
打扰一下,我可以进来吗?
Por favor
Por favor 意思是“请”。我们说 Por favor mainly in two situations – when being polite or begging for something.
有礼貌/有礼貌
Um café, por favor.
请来一杯浓缩咖啡。
Entre, por favor.
请进来。
Por favor = (Se) faz favor
Se faz favor (oftentimes we drop that se 在开头)是一个变体 Por favor。两者都很常见并且可以互换:
Um café, por favor. = Um café, faz favor.
Now, when someone is delivering or bringing something to you (e.g. a waiter at the coffee shop), they might say Faz favor 正如“你就这样”:
Faz favor, aqui está o seu café.
给你,这是你的咖啡。
乞讨
另一个 Por favor 当你乞求某物时:
Por favor, não faça isso.
请不要这样做。
请注意,在这种情况下,您仅使用 Por favor (永不 Se faz favor)
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