Portugiesische Vergangenheitsformen – Nutzungsübersicht mit englischer Verankerung
In this article, we will look at the Portuguese equivalents of the English Past Simple, Past Continuous, and Past Perfect tenses.
Hier sind ein paar analoge Lektüren darüber Gegenwärtig Und Zukunft Zeitformen:
Portugiesische Gegenwartsformen – Nutzungsübersicht mit Bezug zum Englischen
Portugiesische Zukunftsformen – Nutzungsübersicht mit Bezug zum Englischen
Ich werde das Verb verwenden dormir (sleep) für alle folgenden Beispiele:
Dormir | Preterite Pretérito Perfeito | Dormir | Imperfect Pretérito Imperfeito | |
Eu | dormi | dormia |
Tu | dormiste | dormias |
Ele, ela | dormiu | dormia |
Nós | dormimos | dormíamos |
Vocês Eles, elas | dormiram | dormiam |
Present participle Gerúndio | dormindo | |
Past participle Particípio passado | dormido |
Einfache Vergangenheit
There are two Past tenses* that often map onto the English Past simple, namely the Preterite (Pretérito Perfeito) und das Imperfect (Pretérito Imperfeito).
Dies verwirrt oft Lernende, deren Muttersprache diese Spannungsnuance nicht hat (einschließlich Englisch). Versuchen wir dann, es zu verstehen.
* These are technically called “verb aspects” as there’s only one Past tense.
Preterite – Completed Actions
We use the Preterite to talk about past actions that are completed and well delimited in time:
A Raquel dormiu até às 10 da manhã. Raquel slept until 10 in the morning. |
Wie Sie oben sehen können, ist das Präteritum (dormiu) bedeutet einfache Vergangenheit (slept) auf Englisch.
Further, we can also use a compound verb structure with the auxiliary verb estar in the Preterite followed by the preposition a and the action verb in the Infinitive without any substantial change in meaning:
A Raquel esteve a dormir até às 10 da manhã. Raquel was sleeping until 10 in the morning. |
Finally, note that we also use the Preterite in situations where, in English, we use the Present Perfect:
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